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Home » Extra libraries, Code snippets, applications etc. » C++ language problems and code snippets » Trouble with pointers.
Trouble with pointers. [message #11168] Sat, 25 August 2007 05:04 Go to next message
snap2000 is currently offline  snap2000
Messages: 14
Registered: January 2007
Promising Member
I was trying to make a LinkedList class and it seemed to be going pretty well, but I've run into an annoying stumbling block:

In file included from C:\Apps\Classes\LinkedList\main.cpp:4:
C:/Apps/Classes/LinkedList/LinkedList.cpp: In member function `LinkedList::Node& LinkedList::Push()':
C:/Apps/Classes/LinkedList/LinkedList.cpp:56: error: invalid initialization of reference of type 'LinkedList::Node&' from expression of type 'LinkedList::Node*'
LinkedList.cpp
C:\Apps\Classes\LinkedList\LinkedList.cpp: In member function `LinkedList::Node& LinkedList::Push()':
C:\Apps\Classes\LinkedList\LinkedList.cpp:56: error: invalid initialization of reference of type 'LinkedList::Node&' from expression of type 'LinkedList::Node*'


Here is the code that I have:

LinkedList.h
#ifndef _LinkedList_LinkedList_h_
#define _LinkedList_LinkedList_h_

class LinkedList {
public:
	struct Node {
		int		uid;			// Node identifier
		Node	*prev;			// Pointer to the previous node
		Node	*next;			// Pointer to next node
	};
private:
	Node	*first;			// Pointer to first item
	Node	*last;			// Pointer to last item
	Node	*current;		// Pointer to current item (iterator)
	int		count;			// Number of items in list
	int		uid;			// Unique identifier for nodes
	
public:
	typedef LinkedList CLASSNAME;
	
	LinkedList();			// Constructor
	~LinkedList();			// Deconstructor
	
	Node&	First()			{ return *first; };			// Returns first item
	Node&	Last()			{ return *last; };			// Returns last item
	Node&	Current()		{ return *current; };		// Returns current item (iterator)
	int		Count()			{ return count; };			// Returns item count
	
	Node&	Iterate();		// Returns each item in the list successively
	void	Reset();		// Resets iterator to first item
	
	Node&	Push();			// Adds item to back of list
	Node&	UnShift();		// Adds item to front of list
	Node&	Pop();			// Removes item from back of list
	Node&	Shift();		// Removes item from front of list
	
	void	Remove();
};


#endif


LinkedList.cpp:
#include <iostream>

#include "LinkedList.h"

LinkedList::LinkedList() {
	first = NULL;
	last = NULL;
	count = 0;
	uid = 0;
}

LinkedList::~LinkedList() {
	Node *temp;
	/*
	while( ( temp = Iterate() ) != NULL ) {
		delete temp;
	}
	*/
}

LinkedList::Node& LinkedList::Iterate() {
	/*
	Node *temp = current;
	if( current != NULL )
		current = current->next;
	else
		Reset();
	return *temp;
	*/
}

void LinkedList::Reset() {
	current = first;	
}

LinkedList::Node& LinkedList::Push() {
	Node *temp;
	
	// Set new node attributes
	temp = new Node;
	temp->uid = ++uid;
	temp->prev = last;
	temp->next = NULL;
	
	if( last != NULL )
		last->next = temp;		// Link previous item to new node
	
	last = temp;
	if( !count )				// If list is empty, new node is also first
		first = temp;
	
	count++;
	
	return temp;
}

LinkedList::Node& LinkedList::UnShift() {
	
	count++;
}

LinkedList::Node& LinkedList::Shift() {
	count--;
}

LinkedList::Node& LinkedList::Pop() {
	count--;
}

void LinkedList::Remove() {
	count--;
}


The error only goes away when I return *temp instead of just temp. However, if I do this and uncomment the contents of the destructor, I get the following error instead:

In file included from C:\Apps\Classes\LinkedList\main.cpp:4:
C:/Apps/Classes/LinkedList/LinkedList.cpp: In destructor `LinkedList::~LinkedList()':
C:/Apps/Classes/LinkedList/LinkedList.cpp:15: error: cannot convert `LinkedList::Node' to `LinkedList::Node*' in assignment
LinkedList.cpp
C:\Apps\Classes\LinkedList\LinkedList.cpp: In destructor `LinkedList::~LinkedList()':
C:\Apps\Classes\LinkedList\LinkedList.cpp:15: error: cannot convert `LinkedList::Node' to `LinkedList::Node*' in assignment
LinkedList: 2 file(s) built in (0:00.79), 398 msecs / file, duration = 828 msecs


I thought I understood pointers pretty well, but I just don't know what's going on. Help please? Smile

[Updated on: Sat, 25 August 2007 05:05]

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Re: Trouble with pointers. [message #11169 is a reply to message #11168] Sat, 25 August 2007 08:38 Go to previous messageGo to next message
mirek is currently offline  mirek
Messages: 13975
Registered: November 2005
Ultimate Member
Reference and pointer is not the same thing.

"temp" is pointer, but you are trying to return the reference there.

You have to use "*" to convert a pointer to a l-value, which is then convertible to reference. You have to use "&" to convert l-value or reference to a pointer.

Mirek
Re: Trouble with pointers. [message #11170 is a reply to message #11169] Sat, 25 August 2007 09:09 Go to previous message
snap2000 is currently offline  snap2000
Messages: 14
Registered: January 2007
Promising Member
Yeah, it'd been too long. I read up on references and pointers a bit and got it working, thanks. Wink
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